Referat LONDON - Buckingham Palace, Hyde Park, Trafalgar Square, Houses of Parliament, Madame Tussaud's, The London Dungeon

LONDON

Today we want to invite you on a journey to London. London has 7 million inhabitants and is the capital of the United Kingdom. The climate is mild and damp and the weather is generally cloudy and foggy.

Now we will tell you something about the history of London.

500.000 years ago was the vally of the Thamse homeland of many stralling hunter and gatherer but prime the Romans settled big and fortified colonies. 43 years after Christ imperator Claudius arranged London which was known as "Londium", and engineerd the first bridge across the Thamse. Boadicea attaced London in 61. Today it is possible to see reminats of Roman's handwork like the City Wall, which was built in the year 200. 410 the roman occupation left the country. King Ethelbert built the St. Pauls Cathedral in 604. 834 the vikings assaulted London. Alfred the Great ascend the throw of Wessex in 884.The Danes conquered London and destroyed the London Bridge in 1014. In 1066 was the battle of Hastings that followed authority. The first Stone bridge across the Thamse was built in 1176. In 1649 Charles 1. was behead. The Great Fire destroyed a fifth of the town and raged 4 days in 1666. London was the largest City in the world with 8.600.000 inhabitants in 1801. In 1837 was the assunption of office from Queen Victoria. In 1863 was the initation of the first underground between Paddington and Farringdon.

At least we will show you the sights of London:

Buckingham Palace

Buckingham Palace is the offical residence of the British monarch since 1837. It is named after John Sheffield, who was the duke of Buckingham. It was bought in 1762 by George 3. for his wife, Queen Charlotte, and so it became known as the queen's house. Buckingham Palace has about 600 rooms and 20 hectars of garden.

Hyde Park

It is the biggest Park in London and it covers more than 138 hectares. It is bordered on the east by Maifair and on the west by Kensington Garden. Altogether it covers more than 250 hectares and it situated in the heart of London. It is great for walking with your dog, jogging, skating or driving with your bike. In the middle of the Park is a very long, synthetical invested lake, which is called Serpentine. The lake is used for boating in summer and skating in winter. In the northeastern of the Park, near Marble Arch, is Speaker's Corner, where everyone can speak and say his mean.

Trafalgar Square

It is the public square in central London that shows the victory of British Commander Leslon at the battle of Trafalger. The Trafalger Square is dominated by Nelson's Column, a 56 metre-high monument that includes a 15 metre-high statue of Lord Nelson. It was built beween 1839 - 1843. The four lions on the end of the column were built in 1867, they were sculpted by Sir Edwin Landseer and cast by Baron Marochetti. The Trafalgar Square is a popular tourist spot and it is often the sight of political demonstration and also a traditional location of New Years celebrations.

St. Pauls Cathedrale

With her phantastic storefront on the west side and her both towers, which are in baroque style, and the 111 metres-high dome, etucated St. Pauls Cathedrale a distinctively emblem of London. The dome with Trompe l'oil-frescs fascinate everyone who saw the interior of the Cathedrale. In the north of the monument of Duke of Wellington sitzated, which is in bronze and marmor. By a flight of steps in the south you came into a big, clear enlightened Krypta with 350 memorial stones and more than 100 sepulchres. New is a monument for the british honor of the war of Falklad, but the most popular tombs are from Wellington and Nelson. The first of three galleries unter the dome is the third of the Golden Gallery, who shows you a wonderful view over the city.

Houses of Parliament

The "mother of all Parliaments" is one of London famous sights, it is situated on the nord Thamse. There proceed 1265 Parlament-meetings. The Houses of Parliament includes the Houses of Commons and the House of Lords. Until the war a bomb destroyed the rooms of the House of Commons and prime in 1950 it was rebuilt.On the northern side of the Houses of Parliament is Westminster Hall, the one leavings of the primary palast. On the other side is the Jewel Tower, with an exhibition about the history of the Parliament. The towerclock Big Ben is weighing more than 13 tons and it is housed in St. Stephen's Tower, at the northern end of theParliaments. Edmund Beckett Denison designed the clock and it was built by E. J. Dent. The clock is called after Sir Benjamin Hall.

Madame Tussaud's

Every year more than 2,5 Mio. people visit the famous wax works. Madame Tussaud's wax figures came at first in 1802 to London. In the year 1850 Madame Tussaud dies aged 90 years. About 300 wax figures are partitioned in various topics. An exibihition called "200 years" shows the production-history of the wax figures. It shows the making of about the death mask of marie Antoinette to the nowadays, synthetical figures. The most liked topic is the horror chamber, which was renovated in 1996. Torture, fragmentation, mass murderer, dracula and Jack the Ripper are on the programme.

The London Dungeon

The dungeon is situated in the train-vault in the Tooley Street and shows a ghoulish journey through the history. More than 40 specimens shows various kinds of dead and torture with life-size dolls.

Tower Bridge

It is a Wunderwerk viktorianischer Ingenieurkunst and was opened for the traffic on the 30. June 1894. The Bridge is so designed that also big sailing-ships are able to reach the Port of London. Under the reproduced, gotic ruins reside a more-massive steel-frame, whose construction you by an guide of videos and models about the bridge's history get announce.

Thank you for your attention. We hope we could tell you some intressting and worth knowing about London.