Referat Dresden

Dresden

This report gives you a historical overview of Dresden and some information about the sights in Dresden. Based upon the following chronicle I gave a presentation about Dresden to the staff of the Bury Partnership. The listing is not quite complete - only the important dates are mentioned.

Chronicle

1206 first documentary mention of Dresden, the name came from the name Drezdany (area on the left hand side from the river Elbe), on the right hand side the name Nisan or Nisani was expected, this name appeared at first 1013

1216 first documentary mention of Dresden as a town

1287 first documentary mention of a stony bridge

1299 first mention of the town-wall

1309 oldest town-signet

1403 Altdresden' (on the right hand side from the river Elbe) got the town-law

1485 Dresden was residence-town of 'albertinische Wettiner'

1491 big town fire --> new building-law (stone houses in the corners)

1556 Dresden was the single mint in Saxony

1582 Dresden got the a coat of arms

1676 laying out the big garden (Großer Garten)

1694 August der Starke' it s meant August the strong' came into power

1697 August the strong got the Polish crown, Dresden got the status of an European capital

1709 August the Strong gave order to make gold in 1709. J. F.

Böttger said, I can produce it.' That´s why August the strong invited Böttger to show it. But August the strong perceived that s was only a trick.

For this reason Böttger was arrested in the fortress Königstein. Böttger tried to produced gold and he had success. But he developed not the right gold he developed the white gold. It called porcelain.

1732 Dresden on the right hand side from the river Elbe (Altdresden)

was the new king-town --> today Neustadt'

1763 peace of Hubertusburg,

--> lost the Polish crown and the Saxony super power was finished

Friedrich August 2. and count of Brühl are death

1806 kingdom of Saxony of for favour of Napoleon

1815 cession of same territories to 'Preussen' for the 'Wiener Congress :

1821 first trade on the river Elbe from Dresden to Hamburg

1839 the rail-line Dresden -Leipzig was opened

1861 the zoo in Dresden was installed

1893-1898 main station Hauptbahnhof' with reception-hall was built

1918 Dresden became the capital of Saxony

1945 13th/14th of February, extensive destruction of Dresden through Anglo- American airforce

Sights

Zwinger

1696 first plan to build the Zwinger, the Zwinger is one of the famous buildings in Germany

1711 the most important construction year for the Zwinger, order by August the strong

1718-1719 Porcelain Pavilion' and Germany Pavilion , opera house by Porcelain

Pavilion, 'Redoutensaal' by Germany Pavilion was built (D. Pöppelmann)

1728    Zwinger became a building for art collections like a museum

Semperoper

1838-1841 first opera house from G. Semper was built

1869 fire in the first opera house

1870-1878 second opera house was built (G. and Manfred Semper)

1978-1984 reconstruction

Castle in Moritzburg

1582-1584 first Castle in Moritzburg was built (H. Dehn-Rothfelser)

1693 construction of the famous animal garden

1769-1782      Fasanerie in Moritzburg was built (J. D. Schade) Castles

1272 first mention of the Castle

1560 installation of the art-room (Heirich Göding Hofmaler)

1661-1672 first fixed opera house was built (W. C. von Klengel)

1692-1693 English staircase was built English stairs (G. Starcke and C. Beyer)

1760-1762 the last big project to extension the castle

Palais

1706-1711 Taschenbergpalais was built (M. D. Pöppelmann)

this was built for countess Cosel (a mistress of August the strong)

1715 Dutch-Palais for earl Flemming was built (J. R. Fäsch)

1720-1724      Water-Palais in Pillnitz was built (M. D. Pöppelmann)

1722-1723 Hill-Palais in Pillnitz was built (M. D. Pöppelmann)

1725 integration of the French Garden in Pillniz

1787 Rundtempel in Pillniz was built (C. T. Weinling)

1804 Chinese-Pavilion in Pillniz was built (C. F. Schuricht)

1818-1826 New Palais was built (C. F. Schuricht)

1723-1729      Wackerbarthpalais was built (J. C. Knöffel)

1727-1728      Japanese-Palais was built

1734    Brühlsches Palais was built (J. C. Knöffel)

1843 monument of Friedrich August 1. (G. Semper) on the Brühlsche Terrace

Grünes Gewölbe

1721-1724 installation of eight rooms in the Green Vault (D. Pöppelmann, R. Leplat) Churches

1234 construction of the church Kreuzkirche'

1272 first mention of the church 'Franziskanerkirche' with monastery

1316 first mention of the church 'Frauenkirche'

1403 the church Dreikönigskirche was built , as a 'Pfarrkirche'

1723-1727 the church in Pillnitz was built (M. D. Pöppelmann)

1728-1730 the church Matthäuskirche' in Friedrichstadt was built (D. Pöppelmann)

1738-1775 Catholic Hofkirche' was built (G. Chiaveri)

1874-1878      'Johanneskirche' was built (G. L. Möckel)

1883-1887 Martin-Luther-Church was built (E. Giese)

Franziskanerkirche (later Sophienkirche)

1272 first mention with monastery

1599 reconstruction of the old Franziskanerkirche, now 'Sophienkirche'

1720-1721 installation of the organ of G. Silbermann

1737    Sophienkirche became a Evangelische Hof - Church

Kreuzkirche

1234 construction of the Kreuz-Chapel

1499 opening of the new Kreuzkirche

1760 the church was destroyed

1764-1766 began to build the Kreuzkirche

1945-1955 reconstruction

Frauenkirche

1316 first mention of the Frauenkirche

1477 extension --> first medal of Dresden

1726 lay the foundation of the Frauenkirche from G. Bährs

1727 demolition of the old Frauenkirche

Dreikönigskirche

1403 first Dreikönigskirche was built

1421 first documentary mention

1732-1739 third Deikönigskirche was built (D. Pöppelmann, G. Bähr, J- G- Fehre)

Catholic Hof-Church

1738 began to build the Catholic Hof-Church

1946-1976 reconstruction

Wall and Fortification

1299 first mention of the Town-Wall

1546-1550 last important reconstruction of the fortress (C. V. von Wierandt)

1569-1574 new fortress behind the castle was built (Rochus von Lynar)

1589-1592 fortress on the river Elbe was built

1632 second fortification of Altendresden,

1809 deconstruction of the fortress by order of Napoleon

Bridges

1287 first documentary mention of a stony bridge

1343 new Elbe-bridge (after destruction through the ice) Between 19. and 20. century were built some other bridges.